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Images
Published: 01 September 2024
MERKEL CELL CARCINOMA Figure 9-50 MERKEL CELL CARCINOMA A: At low power, the small round blue cell tumor is centered on the dermis. B: Higher power shows sheets of cells with a high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio, prominent apoptosis, and brisk mitotic activity. C: Classic paranuclear “dot-like” ... More about this image found in MERKEL CELL CARCINOMA A: At low power, the small round blue cell tumor is ...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA Figure 8-12 NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA Strong epithelial positivity is seen on EBV-encoded small RNA (EBER) in situ hybridization (ISH), confirming the EBV association of the tumor. More about this image found in NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA Strong epithelial positivity is seen on EBV-encod...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
EUMYCETOMA Figure 24-11 EUMYCETOMA There is marked disfigurement of the foot in the presence of tumor-like swelling. (Courtesy of Dr. K. Mathekga, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Ga-Rankuwa, South Africa) More about this image found in EUMYCETOMA There is marked disfigurement of the foot in the presence of tu...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA (HCC) ARISING AGAINST A BACKGROUND OF CHRONIC HCV INFECTION Figure 5-9 HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA (HCC) ARISING AGAINST A BACKGROUND OF CHRONIC HCV INFECTION A: Gross view of cirrhotic liver with portal hypertension and circumscribed tumor at left. B,C: Neoplastic hepatocy... More about this image found in HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA (HCC) ARISING AGAINST A BACKGROUND OF CHRONIC HCV ...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY Figure 3-40 PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY Infected oligodendrocytes also show nuclear p53 immunostaining, a feature shared with several types of glial tumors. More about this image found in PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY Infected oligodendrocytes also ...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
DISSEMINATED PNEUMOCYSTOSIS Figure 21-23 DISSEMINATED PNEUMOCYSTOSIS A,B: The characteristic foamy exudate is seen. Gastrointestinal tract involvement, with organisms highlighted on GMS (right). (Courtesy of Dr. R. Geller, Emory University, Atlanta, GA) C,D: Tumoral middle ear spread in an indiv... More about this image found in DISSEMINATED PNEUMOCYSTOSIS A,B: The characteristic foamy exudate is seen....
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-08
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... of the neoplasm. NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA Figure 8-12 NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA Strong epithelial positivity is seen on EBV-encoded small RNA (EBER) in situ hybridization (ISH), confirming the EBV association of the tumor. EBV-infected B-lymphoid cells are usually large, can have pleomorphic or multilobated...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-01
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... resection and chemotherapy. At 6-month follow-up colonoscopy he has an ulceration 10 cm proximal to the anastomotic site. The patient noticed blood spotting of the stool for the last 3 weeks. He is otherwise well and tumor recurrence free. Biopsies of the ulcerated area are submitted for histology...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-09
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... genes (E1, E2, and E4-E7; E3 ORF is missing in HPV). E6 and E7 ORFs encode the major transforming sequences of the HPV genome. The virus is dependent on host cell proteins for many functions. The E6 protein binds to the host tumor suppressor p53 protein, resulting in rapid degradation of p53 and thus...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-06
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... and subsequent seeding of the skin, which results in the characteristic rash. Clinical features Most poxviruses infecting humans are associated with very characteristic vesiculopustular and umbilicated skin lesions, a notable exception being molluscum contagiosum, which can cause tumor-like lesions ( fig. 6-9...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-24
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... as a second-line agent. Amphotericin B may be considered for disseminated disease and infections in pregnant women ( 1 , 4 ). EUMYCETOMA General Considerations, Including Etiology and Synonyms Eumycetoma is a localized, disfiguring, tumor-like chronic fungal infection of skin and subcutaneous...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-17
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
.... tularensis is mediated by Toll-like receptor 2 and elicits a Th-1 response with production of IL-12, tumor necrosis factor a (TNFa), and gamma interferon. However, the bacterial lipopolysaccharide has an inhibitory effect on the proinflammatory response. Control of the infection is usually due to cellular...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-21
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... a tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) inhibitor for autoimmune or chronic inflammatory bowel disease, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected, and organ transplant recipients are at high risk for severe disease, ARDS, dissemination, and reactivation of previous blastomycosis. Pathologic Findings...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-16
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... syndrome) and hypercoagulability states, particularly those associated with malignancy. Adenocarcinomas, particularly mucin-secreting tumors of the lung, pancreas and biliary tract, ovary, gastrointestinal tract, and of unknown primary, are the most frequent underlying malignancies ( 1 ). Epidemiology...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-05
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... OF CHRONIC HCV INFECTION Figure 5-9 HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA (HCC) ARISING AGAINST A BACKGROUND OF CHRONIC HCV INFECTION A: Gross view of cirrhotic liver with portal hypertension and circumscribed tumor at left. B,C: Neoplastic hepatocytes are associated with necrosis and prominent clear cell change...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-03
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... ), a diagnostic feature not seen in glial tumors. The high degree of homology between JC virus and SV40 allows the latter immunohistochemical stain to be used in PML diagnosis. PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY Figure 3-39 PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY Infected oligodendrocytes in PML...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-14
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... is a metalloprotease that inactivates the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. The MAPK pathway produces oxygen radicals, which lead to necrosis of endothelial cells and release of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukins, and cytokines that result in shock and subsequent death of the host. ANTHRAX...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-15
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... Genetic Susceptibility Associated Genes Susceptibility to infection NRAMP1 (natural resistance-associated macrophage protein) genes Genes in the NOD2-mediated signaling pathway ARK2/PACRG (parkin co-regulated) genes TAP1 and TAP2 (transporter associated with antigen processing) genes TNFα (tumor...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-13
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... . Systematic review: Whipple’s disease (Tropheryma whipplei infection) and its unmasking by tumour necrosis factor inhibitors . Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2015 ; 41 : 709 - 24 . 100. Geissdörfer W , Moos V , Moter A , et al . High frequency of Tropheryma whipplei in culture-negative...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-12
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... failure, as well as immune suppression. The latter includes HIV infection, malnutrition, lymphoma, organ transplantation, and use of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) ( 93 ). Drug resistance to rifampicin and isoniazid is encountered globally, and poses a significant therapeutic dilemma. Infection...
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