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systemic
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Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-14
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... undergo changes as they interact, acquiring membrane portions and functions of the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. The VirB T4SS (type 4 secretion system) plays a pivotal role in regulating these changes by producing a variety of factors that facilitate the intracellular life cycle...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-23
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... and constitutional and respiratory symptoms. Skin and oral lesions, hepatosplenomegaly, and involvement of bone marrow, adrenal gland, heart, gastrointestinal tract, and eye can be seen ( fig. 23-2 ). Central nervous system (CNS) disease can occur in acute, subacute, and chronic disseminated infection and presents...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-27
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... to endothelial cells, other infected erythrocytes (with platelets, forming clumps), uninfected red blood cells ( forming rosettes), and syncytiotrophoblasts, ( 6 ). This causes sequestration of infected red blood cells in the microvasculature, and allows evasion of the immune system and splenic clearance...
Images
in Clinicopathologic Features of the Adrenal Cortex
> Tumors of the Adrenal Glands and Extra-Adrenal Paraganglia
Published: 01 December 2024
CUSHING SYNDROME Figure 3-1 CUSHING SYNDROME The clinical features of this disorder (left) can be caused by pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) excess (top right), ectopic ACTH causing massive adrenal hyperplasia (right middle), or primary adrenal disease (bottom right). (From Netter FH.... More about this image found in CUSHING SYNDROME The clinical features of this disorder (left) can be caus...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-06
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... at the time of diagnosis. Common sites of metastasis are lung, liver, and lymph nodes, and less frequently, bone ( 39 ). Systemic symptoms also may be present ( 40 ), including prominent weight loss, intermittent low-grade fever (possibly related to extensive tumor necrosis), and anorexia. Hypoglycemia...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-03
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... features underpinning these conditions, with a critical role in the multidisciplinary team ( 1 ). CUSHING SYNDROME Cushing syndrome is a systemic disorder originally described by Harvey Cushing in 1932 ( 2 ) and caused by excess glucocorticoids that result in alterations in the structure...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-11
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
...NEUROBLASTOMA AND GANGLIONEUROBLASTOMA Neuroblastoma (NBL) is a primitive neoplasm of neuroectodermal origin that arises in anatomic sites corresponding to the distribution of the sympathoadrenal autonomic nervous system. It is subdivided into three subtypes: undifferentiated, poorly...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-09
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... stained for chromogranin A. The term parasympathetic paraganglia is an anatomic designation indicating an association with a classic parasympathetic nerve rather than a physiologic definition implying a role in antagonizing sympathetic nervous system functions. With the exception of the carotid bodies...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-08
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... the unifying concept of the paraganglionic system based on analogy of these tissues to sympathetic ganglia ( 2 ). While the chromaffin reaction is now obsolete as a diagnostic tool, the cells of the adrenal medulla still are called “chromaffin cells” and their corresponding tumors are called pheochromocytomas...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-01
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
...The adrenal glands are composite endocrine organs consisting of the mesodermal-derived cortex and neural crest-derived medulla. These components interact with each other, with peripheral endocrine and nonendocrine tissues, and with the central nervous system (CNS) in order to develop normally...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-12
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... equipment available ( 2 ). While the imaging studies leading to the discovery of incidentalomas often result from nonspecific abdominal, genitourinary, or systemic complaints, an occasional additional route to detection of nonendocrine adrenal masses is through the clinical workup of patients who...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-10
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... angiomas of the cerebellum and spine in 1927. The association of these two disorders led to the term von Hippel-Lindau disease. VHL is typically characterized by retinal angiomas; central nervous system hemangioblastomas; hemangiomas of the adrenal gland, liver, and lung; and cysts in the kidney, pancreas...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-02
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... associated with major central nervous system (CNS) malformations, renal agenesis, and complex cardiac anomalies ( 4 ). Renal agenesis is sometimes associated with an adrenal gland of abnormal shape, which may be oval with a smooth contour. FUSION OF ADRENAL GLANDS Figure 2-3 FUSION OF ADRENAL...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-04
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... Krijger RR . Precursor lesions of the adrenal gland . Pathobiology 2007 ; 74 : 285 - 90 . 13. Mete O , Asa SL . Precursor lesions of endocrine system neoplasms . Pathology 2013 ; 45 : 316 - 30 . 14. Juhlin CC , Bertherat J , Giordano TJ , Hammer GD...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-07
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
..., early onset of tumors, and a wide variety of histologies. Core Li-Fraumeni cancers include: soft tissue sarcomas, osteosarcomas, adrenal cortical carcinoma, central nervous system tumors, and breast cancer in patients under the age of 31 years ( 72 ). Family history of cancer is often mute, and germline...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-05
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... adrenal cortical carcinoma ( figs. 5-39 – 5-41 ). The diagnostic procedures to distinguish oncocytic adenomas from carcinomas are detailed in chapter 6 and include specific diagnostic algorithms, such as the Lin-Weiss-Bisceglia system ( 37 ). Another important differential diagnosis of oncocytic adenoma...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
SYSTEMIC TULAREMIA Figure 17-11 SYSTEMIC TULAREMIA In the lung, prominent intra-alveolar fibrin is visible at low power (A), with associated neutrophil infiltration (high power, B). There may also be prominent necrosis with cavitation. (Courtesy of the CDC IDPB) More about this image found in SYSTEMIC TULAREMIA In the lung, prominent intra-alveolar fibrin is visible...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
SYSTEMIC TOXOPLASMOSIS Figure 25-6 SYSTEMIC TOXOPLASMOSIS The lung (A–C) and adrenal gland (D,E) are involved, confirmed by immunohistochemistry (F). More about this image found in SYSTEMIC TOXOPLASMOSIS The lung (A–C) and adrenal gland (D,E) are involved...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
HIV CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASE Figure 9-7 HIV CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASE A: Brain in HIV-associated dementia syndrome (HAD), with ventricular dilatation and sulcal widening. B: HIV encephalitis shows cortical white matter with multinucleated giant cell encephalitis (MGCE). C: HIV enceph... More about this image found in HIV CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASE A: Brain in HIV-associated dementia syn...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
NOCARDIOSIS Figure 12-23 NOCARDIOSIS A central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory lesion with abscess formation (A,B), scattered beaded gram-positive Nocardia bacilli (C), and numerous single and partly clustered filamentous bacteria with a Grocott methenamine silver (GMS) stain (D). (C: courtesy of the CDC PHIL) More about this image found in NOCARDIOSIS A central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory lesion with absces...
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