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sclerose
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Images
Published: 01 September 2024
LATE STAGE OF SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS (SSPE) Figure 3-22 LATE STAGE OF SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS (SSPE) Whole mount section of autopsy brain shows marked atrophy, secondary ventricular enlargement (hydrocephalus ex vacuo), and mild meningeal fibrosis. Note the gaping space b... More about this image found in LATE STAGE OF SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS (SSPE) Whole mount secti...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS Figure 3-23 SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS Whole mount autopsy brain section changes several years after clinical onset of symptoms, showing the small size of the brainstem at the level of the medulla (A), compared to medulla from an age-matched control (B... More about this image found in SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS Whole mount autopsy brain section chan...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS Figure 3-24 SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS In late stages of disease, there is meningeal fibrosis and usually scanty mononuclear cells. More about this image found in SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS In late stages of disease, there is me...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS Figure 3-25 SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS At autopsy, perivascular mononuclear cell cuffing (without vasculitis) is often more conspicuous than meningeal inflammation. Violaceous smudged viral inclusions can be found within neuronal nuclei (arrow and inse... More about this image found in SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS At autopsy, perivascular mononuclear c...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS Figure 3-26 SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS Microglial clusters (arrows) are present in the pons, a nonspecific finding that is seen in many forms of viral encephalitis. More about this image found in SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS Microglial clusters (arrows) are prese...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS Figure 3-27 SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS Microglial clusters at high power show central cellular debris due to cell destruction; this is known as neuronophagia if it occurs in areas of neuronal loss. More about this image found in SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS Microglial clusters at high power show...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS Figure 3-28 SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS Many cases of viral encephalitis show more striking diffuse microgliosis than tight localized microglial clusters, as illustrated here in the cortex of an SSPE case at autopsy. More about this image found in SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS Many cases of viral encephalitis show ...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS Figure 3-29 SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS The white matter in SSPE shows vacuolization, myelin pallor, mild hypercellularity due to reactive astrocytosis, and perivascular lymphocytic cuffing; this should not be mistaken for a gemistocytic astrocytoma/neo... More about this image found in SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS The white matter in SSPE shows vacuoli...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS Figure 3-30 SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS Brain parenchymal and perivascular space macrophages (arrowheads) in SSPE, with reactive astrocytes showing an eosinophilic cytoplasm and tapering processes (arrow). More about this image found in SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS Brain parenchymal and perivascular spa...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS Figure 3-31 SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS Multiple neurons (arrows) show characteristic nuclear inclusions, which can be confirmed by measles virus immunohistochemistry. More about this image found in SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS Multiple neurons (arrows) show charact...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS Figure 3-32 SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS Multiple white matter oligodendrocytes contain typical violaceous intranuclear inclusions (arrows). Note the absence of cytoplasmic inclusions (inset). These viral inclusions should not be confused with those in p... More about this image found in SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS Multiple white matter oligodendrocytes...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS Figure 3-33 SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS At high magnification, cells with viral inclusions (arrows) are often interspersed with stellate eosinophilic reactive astrocytes. More about this image found in SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS At high magnification, cells with vira...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES Figure 3-34 SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES Neurofibrillary tangles in pyramidal-shaped neurons in the neocortex are flame-shaped linear structures with dark black staining (arrow), in contrast to normal non-n... More about this image found in SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES Neurofibrillar...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES Figure 3-35 SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES These are more globose (arrow) in the brainstem, where rounder shaped neurons may be present (as in this image from the locus ceruleus). Note the normal non-neurofib... More about this image found in SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES These are more...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES Figure 3-36 SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES On a silver stain, the globose brainstem neurofibrillary tangles (arrows) are dark black in comparison to a nearby normal neuron (arrowhead) (Bodian silver stain). More about this image found in SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES On a silver st...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
SCLEROSING CHOLANGITIS DUE TO HIV2 INFECTION Figure 9-25 SCLEROSING CHOLANGITIS DUE TO HIV2 INFECTION Greatly thickened bile ducts. More about this image found in SCLEROSING CHOLANGITIS DUE TO HIV2 INFECTION Greatly thickened bile ducts....
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-03
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... and for those who contract the disease care is merely supportive. Patients with paralysis of respiratory muscles can be sustained on artificial breathing devices, the most famous of which was the “iron lung” used in the 1950s (prior to the advent of vaccination). SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS General...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-09
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... TO HIV AND HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (HAART) HIV infection of stellate (Ito) cells Induces pericellular fibrosis Lymphoid hyperplasia in portal tracts Early HIV infection Bile duct lesions Vanishing bile duct syndrome Rare Sclerosing cholangitis Opportunistic infection...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-26
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... throughout the gastrointestinal tract, as well as involvement of the pancreatobiliary ( 36 ) and respiratory tracts ( 37 ). Such spread can lead to unusual clinical presentations, such as acalculous cholecystitis, sclerosing cholangitis, and pancreatitis ( 38 , 39 ). Pathologic Findings The histologic...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-22
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... degeneration and prominent necrosis. An associated inflammatory response may, however, be absent. If present, it often consists of a mixed cellular infiltrate ranging from lymphoplasmacytic (sometimes with eosinophils) to granulomatous. Biliary tract infection may lead to microscopic features of sclerosing...
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