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pituitary

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ETIOLOGY OF NONIATROGENIC ACTH-DEPENDENT CUSHING SYNDROME  Normal hypothala...
Published: 01 December 2024
ETIOLOGY OF NONIATROGENIC ACTH-DEPENDENT CUSHING SYNDROME Figure 3-2 ETIOLOGY OF NONIATROGENIC ACTH-DEPENDENT CUSHING SYNDROME Normal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (upper left), pituitary-dependent Cushing disease (upper right), and ectopic ACTH syndrome. More about this image found in ETIOLOGY OF NONIATROGENIC ACTH-DEPENDENT CUSHING SYNDROME Normal hypothala...
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CUSHING DISEASE  Bilateral adrenal hyperplasia in a patient with ACTH-secre...
Published: 01 December 2024
CUSHING DISEASE Figure 3-12 CUSHING DISEASE Bilateral adrenal hyperplasia in a patient with ACTH-secreting pituitary tumor. There is mild and micronodular increase in size in the left (A) and right (B) adrenal glands. The right gland also has a macronodule (over 1 cm). More about this image found in CUSHING DISEASE Bilateral adrenal hyperplasia in a patient with ACTH-secre...
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CUSHING DISEASE  Bilateral adrenal hyperplasia is seen by computerized tomo...
Published: 01 December 2024
CUSHING DISEASE Figure 3-3 CUSHING DISEASE Bilateral adrenal hyperplasia is seen by computerized tomography (CT) in a patient with an ACTH-dependent, recurrent ACTH-secreting pituitary tumor. (Courtesy of Prof. A. Veltri and Dr. F. Solitro, San Luigi Hospital, Turin, Italy) More about this image found in CUSHING DISEASE Bilateral adrenal hyperplasia is seen by computerized tomo...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-03
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... of glucocorticoid excess. CUSHING SYNDROME Figure 3-1 CUSHING SYNDROME The clinical features of this disorder (left) can be caused by pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) excess (top right), ectopic ACTH causing massive adrenal hyperplasia (right middle), or primary adrenal disease (bottom right). (From...
Images
CUSHING DISEASE  Histology of left (upper panels) and right (lower panels) ...
Published: 01 December 2024
CUSHING DISEASE Figure 3-8 CUSHING DISEASE Histology of left (upper panels) and right (lower panels) adrenal glands from a patient with a recurrent ACTH-secreting pituitary tumor (same case as fig. 3-3 ). Both glands show a similar morphologic appearance, with a homogeneous increase of cortical ... More about this image found in CUSHING DISEASE Histology of left (upper panels) and right (lower panels) ...
Images
CUSHING DISEASE WITH DIFFUSE AND MICRONODULAR HYPERPLASIA  Transverse secti...
Published: 01 December 2024
CUSHING DISEASE WITH DIFFUSE AND MICRONODULAR HYPERPLASIA Figure 3-5 CUSHING DISEASE WITH DIFFUSE AND MICRONODULAR HYPERPLASIA Transverse sections of adrenal gland in a patient with pituitary ACTH-dependent hypercortisolism (Cushing disease). The adrenal gland was only mildly enlarged and shows b... More about this image found in CUSHING DISEASE WITH DIFFUSE AND MICRONODULAR HYPERPLASIA Transverse secti...
Images
CUSHING SYNDROME  The clinical features of this disorder (left) can be caus...
Published: 01 December 2024
CUSHING SYNDROME Figure 3-1 CUSHING SYNDROME The clinical features of this disorder (left) can be caused by pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) excess (top right), ectopic ACTH causing massive adrenal hyperplasia (right middle), or primary adrenal disease (bottom right). (From Netter FH.... More about this image found in CUSHING SYNDROME The clinical features of this disorder (left) can be caus...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-10
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... 1p36.13 PGL4 (paraganglioma type 4) Abdominal and thoracic; head and neck 1 SDH deficient renal cell carcinoma SDH deficient gastrointestinal stromal tumor SDH deficient pituitary neuroendocrine tumor SDHC 1q.23.3 PGL3 (paraganglioma type 3) Head and neck, thoracic 1 SDH deficient...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-02
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... which defy logical embryologic explanation, e.g., placenta ( 7 ), lung ( 8 ), pituitary gland ( 9 , 10 ), and intracranially ( 11 ). Rare reverse examples of other types of tissues located heterotopically within the adrenal have also been reported. These include intra-adrenal hepatic ( 12 ) and thyroid...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-07
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... disease PDE11A, PDE8B, PRKACA Isolated micronodular adrenal disease <1% — Carney complex and isolated familial PPNAD PRKAR1A (PDE11A, PDE8B rare) PPNAD (carcinoma in case reports) <1% Pituitary and thyroid tumors, cardiac myxomas, peripheral nerve sheath tumors...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-05
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... atrophy caused by suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. POST-FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION BIOPSY INVOLUTIVE CHANGES IN AN INCIDENTAL ADRENAL CORTICAL ADENOMA Figure 5-15 POST-FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION BIOPSY INVOLUTIVE CHANGES IN AN INCIDENTAL ADRENAL CORTICAL ADENOMA Incidental nonfunctional...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-04
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... distribution (lentigines) Myxomas Heart Myxomas Adrenal gland PPNAD with Cushing syndrome Pituitary gland Pituitary GH-secreting neuroendocrine tumor with acromegaly Breast Myxomatosis Ductal adenoma Testis Large cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumor Thyroid gland Follicular nodular...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-01
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... or survival ( 4 ). In adults, the adrenal cortex provides about 1 percent of biologically important androgens in men (most are of testicular origin), and roughly half of all androgens in women ( 11 ). Steroid biosynthesis in the adrenal gland is regulated predominantly by pituitary-derived adrenocorticotropic...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-09
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... tissues, the only neuroendocrine cells that express this biomarker are normal and neoplastic parathyroid and pituitary tissues ( 10 , 93 , 95 ). Parathyroid adenomas are of particular concern because they can arise from supernumerary parathyroid glands or ectopic parathyroid tissue occurring in much...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-06
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... cells of the gonads as well as in the gonadotrophs of the pituitary gland ( 170 ). Excluding these two types of cells, SF1 specificity for adrenal cortical origin is up to 100 percent and its sensitivity is about 95 percent, thus it is a very reliable marker of adrenocortical origin in extra-adrenal...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-08
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
...; while this biomarker is expressed in many nonendocrine tissues, the only other neuroendocrine cells that express GATA3 are normal and neoplastic parathyroid and pituitary cells. The most specific markers are cytoplasmic tyrosine hydroxylase ( fig. 8-38 ) and other catecholamine pathway enzymes...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-12
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... with experimental findings by Hans Selye in 1950 showing that prolonged, combined treatment with testosterone and crude anterior pituitary preparations converted the zona reticularis and inner fasciculata of rat adrenal glands into typical bone marrow-containing trilineage hemopoietic tissue and fat cells ( 20...
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USE OF SPECIAL STAINS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES  A,B: Bone ma...
Published: 01 September 2024
USE OF SPECIAL STAINS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES Figure 1-2 USE OF SPECIAL STAINS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES A,B: Bone marrow H&E (A) and Grocott methenamine silver (B) stains. The latter shows numerous budding Histoplasma capsulatum yeasts. C–E: H&E stain (C,D) on a pituitary gland specimen showing histologic findings suspicious for tissue pathogens. A strongly positive von Kossa calcium stain (E), however, confirms the suspicious deposits as calcifications and excludes infectious microorganisms. More about this image found in USE OF SPECIAL STAINS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES A,B: Bone ma...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-01
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES A,B: Bone marrow H&E (A) and Grocott methenamine silver (B) stains. The latter shows numerous budding Histoplasma capsulatum yeasts. C–E: H&E stain (C,D) on a pituitary gland specimen showing histologic findings suspicious for tissue pathogens. A strongly...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-04
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... the lung ( 50 ). Hemorrhages occur primarily in three sites: the renal medulla, adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary gland), and right side of the heart. Microscopic vascular changes are seen in many locations, most notably the skin, and are characterized by swollen or necrotic endothelial cells...