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Images
Published: 01 December 2024
BETA-CATENIN IN ADRENAL CORTICAL CARCINOMA Figure 6-34 BETA-CATENIN IN ADRENAL CORTICAL CARCINOMA Altered nuclear and cytoplasmic beta-catenin expression in ACC may be focal with a “clonal” pattern or more frequently, diffuse as in the figure. Membrane pattern is visible in peritumoral non-neopla... More about this image found in BETA-CATENIN IN ADRENAL CORTICAL CARCINOMA Altered nuclear and cytoplasmic...
Images
Published: 01 December 2024
ADRENAL CORTICAL ADENOMA IN CUSHING SYNDROME Figure 5-46 ADRENAL CORTICAL ADENOMA IN CUSHING SYNDROME A: A nuclear pseudoinclusion viewed en face in an adrenal cortical adenoma from a patient with Cushing syndrome. The structure is nonspecific and results from irregular deep infolding of the nucl... More about this image found in ADRENAL CORTICAL ADENOMA IN CUSHING SYNDROME A: A nuclear pseudoinclusion ...
Images
in Physiology, Development, and Anatomy of the Adrenal Glands
> Tumors of the Adrenal Glands and Extra-Adrenal Paraganglia
Published: 01 December 2024
CHROMAFFIN CELLS IN ADRENAL MEDULLA Figure 1-49 CHROMAFFIN CELLS IN ADRENAL MEDULLA Portions of adjacent chromaffin cells with heterogeneous secretory granules. With fixation in glutaraldehyde and postfixation in osmium ( 58 ), norepinephrine-containing granules have small, uniformly dark dense c... More about this image found in CHROMAFFIN CELLS IN ADRENAL MEDULLA Portions of adjacent chromaffin cells ...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-05
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... smooth endoplasmic reticulum. In the presence of nuclear pseudoinclusions, these are due to an irregularity in the nuclear membrane, with indentation and infolding of cell cytoplasm, often with the same complement and density of cellular organelles. Mitochondria may be prominent, and are usually round...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-01
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... into dopamine, which is transported into the storage vesicle where the membrane-bound enzyme dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) mediates the formation of norepinephrine. The terminal enzyme in catecholamine synthesis is phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) ( 12 ), which is present in the cytosol...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-06
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... irregularities or infoldings of the nuclear membrane and intranuclear extension of the cell cytoplasm. ADRENAL CORTICAL CARCINOMA: NUCLEAR ATYPIA Figure 6-17 ADRENAL CORTICAL CARCINOMA: NUCLEAR ATYPIA A–C: Pleomorphic cells are variably present, including multinucleated large cells. ADRENAL CORTICAL CARCINOMA...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-10
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... microscopy, the tumors have all the features of neuroendocrine tumors with secretory granules. The extensive lipid degeneration can be associated with hemosiderin deposition and focal fibrosis. VHL-associated tumors have strong membranous positivity for CAIX, an important stain for diagnosis ( 49 , 50...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-02
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... the rate-limiting step in steroid hormone biosynthesis, cholesterol side-chain cleavage, by facilitating the movement of cholesterol to the inner mitochondrial membrane where the reaction takes place. STAR mutations cause congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia, the most severe form of CAH...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-11
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... markers for lymphoblastic lymphoma, WT1 for Wilms tumor, and possibly epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), keratins, and WT1 (C-terminus) for desmoplastic small round cell tumor. The second application for immunohistochemistry in the workup of NBL and GNBL is in the detection of minimal residual disease...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-09
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... pheochromocytoma, has recently been reported to be expressed in a high percentage of paragangliomas, especially those with a SDHx/VHL-driven pseudohypoxic signature ( 121 ). Membrane staining for carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) has been reported as a highly selective, although relatively insensitive, marker for VHL...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
EARLY STAGES OF PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY (PML) Figure 3-38 EARLY STAGES OF PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY (PML) In stereotactic brain biopsy, scattered oligodendrocytes with enlarged nuclei containing violaceous inclusions are seen. Virions fill the nucleus and margi... More about this image found in EARLY STAGES OF PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY (PML) In stereo...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
HANTAVIRUS CARDIOPULMONARY SYNDROME (HCPS) Figure 4-21 HANTAVIRUS CARDIOPULMONARY SYNDROME (HCPS) Lung tissue with intraalveolar and interstitial edema, early hyaline membrane formation, congestion, and minimal septal lymphocyte infiltration (A,B). The spleen reveals scattered prominent immunobla... More about this image found in HANTAVIRUS CARDIOPULMONARY SYNDROME (HCPS) Lung tissue with intraalveolar ...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
DISSEMINATED PNEUMOCYSTOSIS Figure 21-23 DISSEMINATED PNEUMOCYSTOSIS A,B: The characteristic foamy exudate is seen. Gastrointestinal tract involvement, with organisms highlighted on GMS (right). (Courtesy of Dr. R. Geller, Emory University, Atlanta, GA) C,D: Tumoral middle ear spread in an indiv... More about this image found in DISSEMINATED PNEUMOCYSTOSIS A,B: The characteristic foamy exudate is seen....
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
ADENOVIRUS GASTROENTERITIS IN AN IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENT Figure 5-16 ADENOVIRUS GASTROENTERITIS IN AN IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENT A: There is nuclear enlargement, with multiple eosinophilic to basophilic enteric surface epithelial inclusions. There are indistinct nuclear membranes (“smudged” appe... More about this image found in ADENOVIRUS GASTROENTERITIS IN AN IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENT A: There is nuc...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
PULMONARY COVID-19 Figure 4-10 PULMONARY COVID-19 A: Initial changes show some intra-alveolar fibrin with focal early hyaline membrane formation, scattered intra-alveolar red blood cells, and focal mild interstitial lymphocyte infiltration. B: Low-power view of patchy intra-alveolar fibrin with ... More about this image found in PULMONARY COVID-19 A: Initial changes show some intra-alveolar fibrin with...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
LSIL Figure 9-36 LSIL A: A normal intermediate cell is indicated (arrow). Other cells show features of LSIL with nuclear enlargement, coarse chromatin, nuclear membrane irregularities, perinuclear halo (“koilocyte”), and multinucleation (SurePath cytology, Papanicolaou stain). B: Condyloma with ... More about this image found in LSIL A: A normal intermediate cell is indicated (arrow). Other cells show ...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-04
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... the antigenic structure of the influenza virus. The H and N envelope proteins are critical for viral infection. The H protein attaches to sialic acid components of the host cell membrane and, in seasonal viruses, has a predilection for the epithelium of the upper and lower respiratory tract, down to the larger...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-30
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... reported to increase the risk of preterm delivery, premature rupture of membranes, and adverse fetal outcome ( 6 ). Trichomoniasis has also been reported to increase the risk of acquisition and transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Given that T. vaginalis and HIV infection have...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-10
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... and control of the disease difficult. Infection by both filoviruses occurs through contact with mucosal surfaces, skin defects, or parenterally, and begins with viral surface glycoprotein binding to the host cell membrane ( 6 , 7 ). After attachment, the virus enters the cell by formation of a pinocytic...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-06
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
.... HSV1 and 2 are acquired by direct contact of mucosal membranes or damaged skin with infected individuals who are shedding the virus. Viral shedding appears to be more frequent than previously thought and occurs in both symptomatic individuals and those without any lesions ( 3 ); the risk...
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