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Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-11
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... with NBL, as they may provide clues for the treatment, not only of low-stage, but also of high-stage patients. Potential mechanisms for which evidence has suggested that they may play a role include neurotrophin deprivation, loss of telomerase activity, immunologic mechanisms, and epigenetic regulation...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV) Figure 9-1 HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV) A,B: Electron microphotograph of negative stain (A) and schematic (B) of HIV. (A: courtesy of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] Public Health Image Library [PHIL]) C: The standard HIV-time graph, ... More about this image found in HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV) A,B: Electron microphotograph of negati...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-28
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... marker) may be used to highlight amastigotes, although this is not a specific stain for Leishmania organisms. Laboratory Diagnosis The laboratory diagnosis of leishmaniasis includes direct visualization of the parasite in tissue sections or smears, parasitic culture, serologic and immunologic...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-10
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
..., and other viral hemorrhagic fevers. Typhoid fever and malaria are particularly important to rule out in suspected imported cases. Because the virus persists in immunologic privileged sites (such as the eye, testis, and placenta), individuals who are clinically asymptomatic after infection may still transmit...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-22
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... . Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis 2009 ; 2009 : 926521 . 36. Didier ES . Immunology of microsporidiosis . Contrib Microbiol 2000 ; 6 : 193 - 208 . 37. Maggi P , Larocca AM , Quarto M , et al . Effect of antiretroviral therapy on cryptosporidiosis and microsporidiosis...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-06
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... of the body. The ulcer crusts fall off in 1 to 2 weeks and can leave hypopigmented areas. Varicella can also occur in vaccinated individuals, known as breakthrough varicella. In such cases, the disease is typically milder and shows fewer lesions than in immunologically naïve individuals. HUMAN...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-15
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... are not infectious. The disease occurs in poor communities, where confirmation of the diagnosis can be difficult. Other risk factors for infection include age between 5 and 15 years and immunosuppression. Risk for disabilities due to disease include male gender, lepromatous leprosy, and developing immunologic...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-08
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... , Odumade OA , Schmeling DO , et al . Behavioral, virologic, and immunologic factors associated with acquisition and severity of primary Epstein-Barr virus infection in university students . J Infect Dis 2013 ; 207 : 80 - 8 . 16. Thompson LD . Update on nasopharyngeal carcinoma...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-18
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... for longer duration of treatment. RPR titers are used to monitor response to treatment. A Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction occurs in up to 50 percent of patients. This is an acute self-limiting immunological phenomenon manifesting in individuals treated with antibiotics for a spirochetal infection, usually...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-09
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] Public Health Image Library [PHIL]) C: The standard HIV-time graph, with the changes in HIV blood viral load, CD4 count, and clinical progression over time in untreated infection. (Courtesy of the National Institute of Allergy and Immunology) Like other retroviruses...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-13
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... and subtle host immunologic deficiency, which allows the specific microorganism to evade the latter’s immune defenses. The susceptibility is likely polygenic, although a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) association has also been observed ( 98 ). The inability to eradicate ingested T. whipplei bacilli...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-05
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
..., and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) correlation. Laboratory Diagnosis The definitive diagnosis of viral hepatitis relies primarily on serologic markers (to detect an immunologic response to a specific virus) and PCR testing (for the detection of a specific virus). For chronic HBV and HCV infections, serology...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-26
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... immune response to human Cryptosporidium sp. infection . Infect Immun 2008 ; 76 : 23 - 9 . 34. Winkelstein JA , Marino MC , Ochs H , et al . The X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome: clinical and immunologic features of 79 patients . Medicine (Baltimore) 2003 ; 82 : 373 - 84 . 35...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-04
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... , Suzuki M . Immunology of adenoviral vectors in cancer therapy . Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2019 ; 15 : 418 - 29 . 44. Jiang H , Zheng X , Wang L , Du H , Wang P , Bai X . Hantavirus infection: a global zoonotic challenge . Virol Sinica 2017 ; 32 : 32 - 43...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 19
Published: 01 February 2024
10.55418/9781933477428-22
ISBN-10: 1-933477-42-3
ISBN: 978-1-933477-42-8
... be a treatment option ( 22 ). The emergence of novel targeted or immunologic therapies has brought significant progress for patients with metastatic melanoma. Most patients with advanced stage BRAF - mutant metastatic melanoma treated with BRAF inhibitors alone or in combination with an inhibitor of MEK...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 17
Published: 15 November 2023
10.55418/9781933477299-ch24
ISBN-10: 1-933477-29-6
ISBN: 978-1-933477-29-9
... injury appear to be both immunologic and nonimmunologic. Prior episodes of CMR and the presence of donor-specific antibodies (both HLA and non-HLA types) are risk factors for the development of CAV ( 29 ). Interestingly, it appears to be associated with C3d deposition, but not C4d deposition ( 30...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 17
Published: 15 November 2023
10.55418/9781933477299-ch41
ISBN-10: 1-933477-29-6
ISBN: 978-1-933477-29-9
... paraneoplastic syndromes: a review of the literature . Eur J Intern Med 2012 ; 23 : 669 - 73 . 43. Yokomuro H , Yoshihara K , Watanabe Y , Shiono N , Koyama N , Takanashi Y . The variations in the immunologic features and interleukin-6 levels for the surgical treatment...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 17
Published: 15 November 2023
10.55418/9781933477299-ch21
ISBN-10: 1-933477-29-6
ISBN: 978-1-933477-29-9
... higher than in the general population). As with other immunologic and inflammatory diseases, accelerated atherosclerosis is observed ( 6 ). In any young women with ischemic heart disease, APS and SLE should be considerations. Myocarditis may also be seen in patients with SLE, which ultimately causes...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 17
Published: 15 November 2023
10.55418/9781933477299-ch28
ISBN-10: 1-933477-29-6
ISBN: 978-1-933477-29-9
.... The genetic forms of vascular disease are numerous and generally relate to underlying connective tissue diseases. Nongenetic forms include those related to immunologic phenomena, inflammatory conditions, infection, and trauma. Some diseases are multifactorial, for which genetics is believed to play a role...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 17
Published: 15 November 2023
10.55418/9781933477299-ch27
ISBN-10: 1-933477-29-6
ISBN: 978-1-933477-29-9
.../viral pericarditis, rheumatic disease, and other immunologic diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, uremia, tuberculosis, radiation effects, and bacterial and viral infections. Fibrinous pericarditis occasionally causes sudden or rapid death; in these cases, associated myocardial inflammation...
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