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Images
Published: 01 September 2024
LABORATORY CULTURES Figure 12-44 LABORATORY CULTURES Haemophilus influenzae growth on chocolate agar (A) and Klebsiella pneumoniae growth on MacConkey agar (B). (Courtesy of the CDC PHIL) More about this image found in LABORATORY CULTURES Haemophilus influenzae growth on choc...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
BRUCELLOSIS Figure 14-6 BRUCELLOSIS Brucella suis growth in chocolate agar. (Courtesy of the CDC PHIL) More about this image found in BRUCELLOSIS Brucella suis growth in chocolate agar. (Cour...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
CLASSIFICATION OF FUNGI BASED ON GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS IN THE LABORATORY Figure 19-2 CLASSIFICATION OF FUNGI BASED ON GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS IN THE LABORATORY More about this image found in CLASSIFICATION OF FUNGI BASED ON GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS IN THE LABORATORY
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
PATHOGENESIS OF TUBERCULOSIS Figure 12-46 PATHOGENESIS OF TUBERCULOSIS Red arrows represent inhibitory host activity towards mycobacterial growth while blue arrows represent mycobacterial factors that lead to latency or growth. More about this image found in PATHOGENESIS OF TUBERCULOSIS Red arrows represent inhibitory host activity...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE Figure 12-5 STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE Colonies on blood agar show alpha hemolysis (A), lysis after exposure to bile (B), and lack of growth around optochin (C). More about this image found in STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE Colonies on blood agar show alph...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
ASPERGILLUS MYOCARDITIS Figure 7-5 ASPERGILLUS MYOCARDITIS Gross appearance of a horizontal heart slice, showing areas of hemorrhage and infarction (A). Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) histology shows angioinvasive growth (B) with numerous partly degenerated fungal hyphae and surrounding neutrophils (C). Grocott methenamine silver stain highlights focally branching fungal hyphae (D). More about this image found in ASPERGILLUS MYOCARDITIS Gross appearance of a horizontal ...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-19
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... of organic matter. Fungi are divided into seven phyla based on their sexual reproductive structures, although only a few of the many genera are known to cause human disease. These medically important fungi are classified according to their pathogenicity ( fig. 19-1 ), growth on laboratory media ( fig. 19-2...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-12
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... to bile (B), and lack of growth around optochin (C). Prevention and Treatment The efficacy of commercially available pneumococcal vaccines (including the 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine in adults, and 13-valent vaccine in children) is well documented ( 10 ). The World Health Organization (WHO...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-30
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... microscopy. These methods are more expensive and time consuming (taking up to 7 days for diagnosis), however, and have poor sensitivity in men. The most successful culture method relies on microscopic identification of the protozoan in a transparent pouch containing media that support growth of T...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-07
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... appearance of a horizontal heart slice, showing areas of hemorrhage and infarction (A). Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) histology shows angioinvasive growth (B) with numerous partly degenerated fungal hyphae and surrounding neutrophils (C). Grocott methenamine silver stain highlights focally branching fungal...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-20
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... becoming ill ( 4 ). Epidemiology Cryptococci are found in tropical and sub-tropical regions and are associated with trees (such as mopane, eucalyptus, and pine), bird guano, and environmental ameba. Conditions that aid in the environmental growth of the fungal yeasts include an acidic pH, as well as high...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-23
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... ( fig. 23-1 ) ( 2 ). The increase from soil to host body temperature activates numerous fungal genes, including DRK1 (dimorphism regulating kinase 1) and those in the RYP family (required for yeast phase growth), thus facilitating conversion of the microconidia to yeasts. The organisms...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-24
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
..., since yeasts are found at body temperature, but the lack of growth in cultures precludes exclusion of a mycelial phase at room temperature. In animal models, intradermal injection of the fungus obtained from human lesions results in localized multiplication of the yeasts. The organism elicits TGF-β...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-10
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... phagocytic system; release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors; endothelial dysfunction; alterations in the immune system; endothelial injury with coagulopathy; and direct organ damage ( 7 ). Clinical Features Marburg virus infection has an incubation period ranging from a few days...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-08
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... EXPRESSION Some of the HHV8 genes have oncogenic properties. Viral interleukin-6 (vIL-6) activates the JAK/STAT intracellular pathway and leads to the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), thus promoting angiogenesis. Similar to neoplasms associated with other herpes viruses, KS begins...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-02
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... Presents spontaneously in people >60 years a CJD = Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Acquired human disease can be transmitted via numerous routes, including ingestion, which has been linked to outbreaks of kuru and variant CJD, tissue transplantation, blood transfusion, injection of growth hormone...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-11
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... temperature (4°C), and can multiply in refrigerated food that has been contaminated. The organisms produce flagella at room temperature (20°C), giving them their typical tumbling motility when a wet mount preparation of bacteria is observed microscopically, and the characteristic umbrella growth when stabbed...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-17
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... ). Laboratory Diagnosis Bartonella spp can be cultured from blood or tissue, but require special media, take approximately 3 weeks of incubation for growth, and only have a positive yield in 20 to 30 percent of cases ( 2 ). Serologic assays are very useful in the diagnosis of bartonelloses and test...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-15
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... asymptomatic to severe and even lethal disease, the latter most frequently occurring in children. Borrelia infections during pregnancy can affect the fetus. Stillbirth, intrauterine growth retardation, and congenital infection can complicate louse-borne relapsing fevers occurring during gestation...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-21
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... then transform into immature spherules, as different genes are turned on to produce the cell wall, evade the host’s immune response, and increase the pH around the fungal organisms, which enable optimal growth in the host. The spherules mature and form internal endospores, which are released and can disseminate...
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