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Figure 1-3

PRIMORDIA OF ADRENAL GLAND Schematic cross section of human embryo shows p...

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in Physiology, Development, and Anatomy of the Adrenal Glands > Tumors of the Adrenal Glands and Extra-Adrenal Paraganglia
Published: 01 December 2024
, Kozakewich HP. Embryology, developmental anatomy and selected aspects of non-neoplastic pathology. Pathology of the adrenal glands. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1990:1-74.) More about this image found in PRIMORDIA OF ADRENAL GLAND Schematic cross section of human embryo shows p...
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Figure 1-16

AVERAGE COMBINED WEIGHT OF ADRENAL GLANDS FROM 226 PATIENTS AT AUTOPSY The...

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in Physiology, Development, and Anatomy of the Adrenal Glands > Tumors of the Adrenal Glands and Extra-Adrenal Paraganglia
Published: 01 December 2024
in combined weight during the first few weeks of life. (Fig. 1-11 from Lack EE, Kozakewich HP. Embryology, developmental anatomy and selected aspects of non-neoplastic pathology. Pathology of the adrenal glands. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1990:1-74.) More about this image found in AVERAGE COMBINED WEIGHT OF ADRENAL GLANDS FROM 226 PATIENTS AT AUTOPSY The...
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Physiology, Development, and Anatomy of the Adrenal Glands

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Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-01
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... for the adrenal medulla and other paraganglia (see chapter 8 ). Nonetheless, because of the close functional similarities of all neuroendocrine cells, adrenal medullary tumors sometimes ectopically produce hormones characteristically associated with other locations. EMBRYOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENTAL ANATOMY Adrenal...
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Congenital Disorders of the Adrenal Gland

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Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-02
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... is most often found in the upper abdomen or anywhere along the path of descent of the gonads. This anatomic localization is due to the close embryologic spatial relationship between the gonadal ridge and adrenal glands (see chapter 1 ). In rare cases, adrenal heterotopia occurs in bizarre anatomic sites...
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Other Adrenal Neoplasms and Tumor-Like Lesions

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Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-12
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... in the normal ovary are also associated with nerve fibers ( 56 ). Leydig cells are rare within the adrenal gland, but the existence of these cells and tumors derived from them is explained, in part, by the close embryologic relationship between the developing gonad and the adrenal primordium. MASCULINIZING...
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Figure 39-2

EBSTEIN ANOMALY: EMBRYOLOGY AND DELAMINATION DEFECT Left: Normal embryonic...

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in Other Cardiovascular Anomalies > Disorders of the Heart and Blood Vessels
Published: 15 November 2023
EBSTEIN ANOMALY: EMBRYOLOGY AND DELAMINATION DEFECT Figure 39-2 EBSTEIN ANOMALY: EMBRYOLOGY AND DELAMINATION DEFECT Left: Normal embryonic development of the septal and posterior tricuspid leaflets entails separation of leaflet and cordal tissue from the underlying endomyocardium. Right More about this image found in EBSTEIN ANOMALY: EMBRYOLOGY AND DELAMINATION DEFECT Left: Normal embryonic...
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Nipple Disorders

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Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 18
Published: 01 January 2024
10.55418/9781933477367-13
ISBN-10: 1-933477-36-9
ISBN: 978-1-933477-36-7
... from the axilla to the groin along an embryologic remnant referred to as the “milk line.” Occasionally, these are surgically removed; microscopic examination demonstrates lactiferous ducts and smooth muscle. Rarely, mammary glands are present deeper in the dermis (polymastia). Clinical Features. SMOLD...
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Cystic Tumor of the Atrioventricular Node

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Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 17
Published: 15 November 2023
10.55418/9781933477299-ch48
ISBN-10: 1-933477-29-6
ISBN: 978-1-933477-29-9
... ). Immunohistochemical evidence seems to suggest that they are indeed endodermal remnants ( 3 – 7 ). Six of 66 reported cases of cystic AV nodal tumors arose in patients with other midline defects, suggesting that these lesions represent misplaced embryologic tissue ( 3 ). These lesions are located in the AV septum...
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Other Cardiovascular Anomalies

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Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 17
Published: 15 November 2023
10.55418/9781933477299-ch39
ISBN-10: 1-933477-29-6
ISBN: 978-1-933477-29-9
..., in a neonate with severe tricuspid regurgitation. Right: Prominent cardiomegaly is present, in an adult. (Courtesy of Dr. F. Cetta, Rochester, MN) EBSTEIN ANOMALY: EMBRYOLOGY AND DELAMINATION DEFECT Figure 39-2 EBSTEIN ANOMALY: EMBRYOLOGY AND DELAMINATION DEFECT Left: Normal embryonic development...
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Cardiac Gross Anatomy

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Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 17
Published: 15 November 2023
10.55418/9781933477299-ch01
ISBN-10: 1-933477-29-6
ISBN: 978-1-933477-29-9
... to electrophysiology . Heart   2002 ; 88 : 406 - 11 . 34. Sadler   TW . Langman’s medical embryology , 13th ed. Baltimore : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins ; 2015 : 189 . 35. Ho   SY , Ernst   S . Anatomy for cardiac electrophysiologists . Minneapolis : Cardiotext Publishing ; 2012...
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Conotruncal Anomalies

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Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 17
Published: 15 November 2023
10.55418/9781933477299-ch37
ISBN-10: 1-933477-29-6
ISBN: 978-1-933477-29-9
... course of blood flow is normal, leading to the descriptor congenitally corrected. Nevertheless, the ventricles are inverted, so that the left-sided right ventricle is the systemic pumping chamber. The most common synonym is L-transposition (where L = levo, for an embryologic L-loop...
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Basic Concepts

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Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 17
Published: 15 November 2023
10.55418/9781933477299-ch34
ISBN-10: 1-933477-29-6
ISBN: 978-1-933477-29-9
... (non-midline) position of the splenic anlage embryologically. Consequently, when right isomerism exists, the spleen is usually absent, indicative of the asplenia syndrome (see chapter 39 ) ( 11 ). In contrast, left isomerism is generally associated with multiple spleens, all on one side of the spine...
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Overview and Disease Manifestations

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Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 17
Published: 15 November 2023
10.55418/9781933477299-ch28
ISBN-10: 1-933477-29-6
ISBN: 978-1-933477-29-9
... of these etiologies are discussed in the chapters that follow. Etiology. The causes of true aneurysms vary by site. Aneurysms in the aorta can have different etiologies even throughout its course. This may be explained by different embryologic origins (the ascending aorta is derived from the ectoderm, while the rest...
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Congenital Shunts

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Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 17
Published: 15 November 2023
10.55418/9781933477299-ch35
ISBN-10: 1-933477-29-6
ISBN: 978-1-933477-29-9
... ventricular septum and single functional ventricles such as hypoplastic left heart syndrome. With Left Aortic Arch. Embryologically, there are bilateral ductal arteries. A patent left ductal artery connects the undersurface of the distal aortic arch to the proximal portion of the left pulmonary...
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Embryology and Anatomy of the Lower Female Genital Tract

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Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 14
Published: 01 February 2023
10.55418/9781933477268-1
ISBN-10: 1-933477-26-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-26-8
...Table 1-1 CLASSIFICATION OF UTERINE CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS PROPOSED BY THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY OF HUMAN REPRODUCTION AND EMBRYOLOGY/EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR GYNAECOLOGICAL ENDOSCOPY a ESHRE/ESGE Classification (2013) U0: Normal uterus U1: Dysmorphic uterus  1. T-shaped...
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Normal Ovary

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Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 16
Published: 01 August 2023
10.55418/9781933477282-01
ISBN-10: 1-933477-28-8
ISBN: 978-1-933477-28-2
... ). These cells are now referred to as primary oocytes. EMBRYOLOGY ...
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Figure 1-2

UTERINE AND VAGINAL DEVELOPMENT A: The müllerian ducts merge and create th...

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in Embryology and Anatomy of the Lower Female Genital Tract > Tumors of the Cervix, Vagina, and Vulva
Published: 01 February 2023
to form the sinovaginal bulb. C: By the 20th week of gestation, this caudal solid structure cavitates to form the remainder of the vagina. (Redrawn from Sadler TW. Langman’s medical embryology, 5th ed. London: Williams and Wilkins; 1985. With permission via Horii, et al. Fig. 1.7 from Horii M, Boyd TK More about this image found in UTERINE AND VAGINAL DEVELOPMENT A: The müllerian ducts merge and create th...
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The Normal Pancreas

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Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 15
Published: 01 March 2023
10.55418/9781933477275-01
ISBN-10: 1-933477-27-X
ISBN: 978-1-933477-27-5
... , Rowe   JS , Gray   SW , Skandalakis   JE . Surgical embryology and anatomy of the pancreas . Surg Clin North Am   1993 ; 73 : 661 - 97 . 82. Lack   EE . Pathology of the pancreas, gallbladder, extrahepatic biliary tract, and ampullary region . Oxford University Press, Inc. ; 2003...
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Pancreatoblastoma

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Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 15
Published: 01 March 2023
10.55418/9781933477275-10
ISBN-10: 1-933477-27-X
ISBN: 978-1-933477-27-5
... rather than a discrete circumscribed mass. Perhaps reflecting the common embryologic relationship of the pancreas and the liver, pancreatoblastomas, like hepatoblastomas, can produce alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), with serum elevations in 25 to 35 percent of patients ( 12 , 18 , 39 – 44 ). Serum AFP levels can...
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Mucinous Cystic Neoplasms

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Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 15
Published: 01 March 2023
10.55418/9781933477275-05
ISBN-10: 1-933477-27-X
ISBN: 978-1-933477-27-5
... or retroperitoneum ( 26 – 28 , 60 , 68 ). A number of theories have been advanced to explain the special features and the development of MCNs in the pancreas. Embryologically, the left primordial gonad comes in close proximity to the dorsal pancreatic anlage (which gives rise to the body and tail of the pancreas...
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