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in Clinicopathologic Features of the Adrenal Cortex
> Tumors of the Adrenal Glands and Extra-Adrenal Paraganglia
Published: 01 December 2024
CUSHING SYNDROME Figure 3-1 CUSHING SYNDROME The clinical features of this disorder (left) can be caused by pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) excess (top right), ectopic ACTH causing massive adrenal hyperplasia (right middle), or primary adrenal disease (bottom right). (From Netter FH.... More about this image found in CUSHING SYNDROME The clinical features of this disorder (left) can be caus...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-02
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
..., or assessment of donor organs for transplantation. In other situations, an underlying genetic disorder affecting hormone synthesis may alter adrenal anatomy or a functional tumor may arise in ectopic or malformed adrenal tissue. ADRENAL ADHESION, UNION, AND FUSION Adrenal adhesion and adrenal...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-03
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... features underpinning these conditions, with a critical role in the multidisciplinary team ( 1 ). CUSHING SYNDROME Cushing syndrome is a systemic disorder originally described by Harvey Cushing in 1932 ( 2 ) and caused by excess glucocorticoids that result in alterations in the structure...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-10
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... ). The genetic alterations are most often hereditary, giving rise to familial disease that can involve only PPGL formation, but usually is associated with other disorders. Some are nonhereditary disorders that cause syndromic manifestations. At least 20 genes have been implicated in familial disorders...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-12
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... adrenal calcifications have also been seen in metabolic diseases, including Wolman disease, a rare autosomal recessive disorder of lipid metabolism caused by deficiency of lysosomal acid lipase ( 12b , 12c ), and adenosine deaminase-deficient severe combined immunodeficiency. PRIMARY NONENDOCRINE TUMORS...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-04
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... on studies of nonfunctioning lesions larger than 1 cm, thus simulating an adrenal cortical adenoma. Currently, this disorder is usually detected as an incidental finding on high-resolution CT scan, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or during ultrasound examination for an unrelated problem or during...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-07
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... of the nonhereditary McCune-Albright syndrome, a germline disorder caused by postzygotic somatic GNAS mutation mosaicism ( 1 ). Heterozygous germline mutations of the armadillo repeat containing 5 (ARMC5) gene are the most frequent molecular alterations associated with hypercortisolism caused...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-06
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... and a sensitivity of 86 percent have been reported in diagnosing adrenal masses ( 208 ), the major role of preoperative diagnosis in adrenal lesions is to diagnose adrenal metastases of a known primary, to confirm a clinical suspicion of a hematologic disorder, or to exclude non-neoplastic conditions...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-08
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... is most often due to germline disorders and reflects a spectrum from hyperplasia to neoplasia. To this point, molecular studies in patients with MEN2 have shown genetic abnormalities in both diffuse and nodular “hyperplasia” that were identical to those in pheochromocytoma ( 118 ). Adrenal medullary...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-01
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
... age group. They have been reported with increased frequency in patients with chronic neurologic disorders such as Parkinson disease ( 59 ), and are common with some pheochromocytomas. INTRACYTOPLASMIC HYALINE GLOBULES IN NORMAL ADRENAL MEDULLA Figure 1-40 INTRACYTOPLASMIC HYALINE GLOBULES IN NORMAL...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 21
Published: 01 December 2024
10.55418/9781933477473-05
ISBN-10: 1-933477-47-4
ISBN: 978-1-933477-47-3
...-secreting adrenal adenoma in a postmenopausal elderly woman . BMC Endocr Disord 2019 ; 19 : 14 . 24. Fassnacht M , Tsagarakis S , Terzolo M , et al . European Society of Endocrinology clinical practice guidelines on the management of adrenal incidentalomas, in collaboration...
Images
Published: 01 September 2024
BARTONELLA-ASSOCIATED PELIOSIS Figure 17-5 BARTONELLA-ASSOCIATED PELIOSIS In the liver (A) and bone marrow (B) characteristic randomly distributed and cystic, blood-filled cavities are seen, which typify this disorder. Warthin-Starry silver stain (C) demonstrates numerous etiologic bacteria. More about this image found in BARTONELLA-ASSOCIATED PELIOSIS In the liver (A) and bone ...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-02
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... is derived) due to intense itching. In 1920, Creutzfeldt and Jakob described a human neurologic degenerative disorder that was, at the time, thought to be caused by a slow virus. In 1957, Gajdusek and Zigas documented a fatal neurologic degenerative disease in a tribe in New Guinea they called kuru (meaning...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-08
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... raised suspicion that parvovirus B19 may be linked to connective tissue and chronic joint disorders, such as dermatomyositis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis ( 9 ). Transient aplastic crisis (TAC) is a well-known manifestation of parvovirus B19 infection in those...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-01
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... the histopathologist’s ability to diagnose infectious disorders. The more recent explosion in molecular pathology has further revolutionized infectious disease diagnosis on tissue samples, including formalin-fixed, paraffin wax-embedded (FFPE) histologic material, often challenging traditional microorganism taxonomy...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-13
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... coli, as well as Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus. Dysentery refers to GIT infections characterized by diarrhea accompanied by blood, pus, and mucus in the stool. There is often associated fever. Although this disorder is occasionally due to a parasitic etiology (e.g...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-03
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
.... 3-21 ). These are not specific to poliovirus infection, however, and have been observed after trauma, infarcts, infections (e.g., human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] encephalitis), and neurodegenerative disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( 39 ). In post-polio syndrome, the spinal cord...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-09
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... syndromes HIV seroconversion meningoencephalitis HIV encephalitis (HIVE) HIV leukoencephalopathy (HIVLE) HIV-CD8 encephalitis (HIV-CD8E) HAND (HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder [NCD]): Asymptomatic NCD (AND) Mild NCD (MND) HIV-associated dementia (HAD) Vacuolar myelopathy...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-05
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
... hepatitis (which may demonstrate associated eosinophils), toxin-associated liver injury (often showing zonal and predominantly centrilobular necrosis), an acute form of nonviral hepatitis (especially autoimmune hepatitis, frequently revealing abundant plasma cells), and metabolic disorders (such as Wilson...
Book Chapter
Series: Atlases of Tumor and Non-Tumor Pathology, Series 5
Volume: 20
Published: 01 September 2024
10.55418/9781933477435-23
ISBN-10: 1-933477-43-1
ISBN: 978-1-933477-43-5
.... Protozoans such as Toxoplasma and Leishmania spp, as well as Trypanosoma cruzi, also need to be excluded, in the appropriate clinical setting. If necrosis associated with the granulomas is minimal or absent, noninfectious granulomatous disorders such as sarcoidosis should...
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